Physician Practice acquisitions under the new 2016 Stark Rules

Physician practice acquisitions have seen a humungous rise in the past few years, since the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). A few factors have fueled physician practice acquisitions. Some of these are:

  • Physician practice acquisitions offer healthcare providers more clinical consolidation and integration, as they help to align the business prospects of the referral networks to the hospital’s strategic goals.
  • Declining reimbursement rates, at least for a few specialties, continue to decline, affecting the overall physician compensation. When physicians come under the protection of a bigger hospital brand, they have a little extra leeway in negotiating contract rates. Being under the aegis of a bigger, better branded hospital also ensures them the prospects of having a regular monthly pay, something that is almost impossible in private practice
  • A few recent amendments to the Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement systems have been propelling providers towards bundled and integrated payments, which is something that hospitals with more physician practice acquisitions find favorable
  • Physician practice acquisitions also help physicians across different age groups. Older physicians with several years of experience may see physician practice acquisitions as a means for augmenting and assuring an income stream, while younger physicians have the opportunity of getting a more favorable schedule, which can bring about greater work life balance.

While all these factors about physician practice acquisitions are very concrete ones that are playing out a major impact on the healthcare sector; physician practice acquisitions have to be negotiated. They are not something that is delivered on a plate to consume at one’s will, in the form supplied. A few major legislative and regulatory issues need to be taken into consideration while negotiating and signing physician practice acquisitions.

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The Stark Law is a major component of physician practice acquisitions

The Stark Law, which governs a major aspect of healthcare practice, is a major one among these. Stark Law, legally referred to as The Physician Anti-Referral Law (known as Stark II), is a very important law concerning physician referrals. Any healthcare provider which files claims has to comply with the provisions of the Stark rules. Enforcement action ensues from lack of compliance.

Aimed at eliminating malpractices in the healthcare sector; the Stark Law is implemented in stages known as Stark II and Stark III. The Stark Laws classify particular physician actions as unlawful. This law underwent a few changes in 2016, which need to be taken into consideration while negotiating and signing physician practice acquisitions.

The recent substantial awards and settlements arising out of Stark Law enforcement actions have increased the need for complete compliance with the Stark Laws. From a number of important perspectives, more and more medical groups, hospitals, and health systems are moving towards integration and phasing out to more innovative hospital-physician arrangements. This makes it imperative for those who undertake physician practice acquisitions to put in place compensation arrangements that are defensible under the Stark Law.

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Get to understand the heart of physician practice acquisitions under the Stark Law

What are the contents and the interpretations of the Stark Law that physician practices need to carefully analyze and scrutinize when dealing with physician practice acquisitions? The finer aspects of this law, along with other major legal considerations that need to go into physician practice acquisitions, will be the topic of a webinar that is being organized by MentorHealth, a highly valued provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry.

At this webinar on physician practice acquisitions, Joseph Wolfe, an attorney with Hall, Render, Killian, Heath & Lyman, P.C., the largest health care focused law firm in the country; will offer guidance on physician practice acquisitions keeping compliance with the provisions of the Stark Law in mind. To enroll for this webinar, just log on to

http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800915/?WordPress

Wolfe will provide an overview of the Stark Law, including its 2016 changes. He will also explain best practices for negotiating and drafting physician practice acquisition arrangements on behalf of health systems, hospitals, medical groups and physician practices. He will traverse the important aspects of regulatory requirements, key provisions, valuation considerations and potential pitfalls that should be avoided when dealing with physician practice acquisitions.

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Thorough assessment is necessary

Prior to making any kind of physician practice acquisition arrangement, both healthcare practices and physicians should very thoroughly and meticulously assess whether the proposed structure and financial terms are compliant with the Stark Law’s underlying technical requirements and key tenets of defensibility. This will help them defend themselves when this arrangement is challenged. Wolfe will discuss these as they apply to physician practice acquisitions.

Wolfe will cover the following areas at this session:

  • Provide a general Stark Law overview
  • Examine critical regulatory requirements related to physician practice acquisitions
  • Discuss best practices for drafting purchase agreements and the related financial terms
  • Discuss best practice for drafting post transactions service arrangements (e.g. employment, professional services, etc.) and the related financial terms
  • Review processes for documenting fair market value and commercial reasonableness.

 

Drafting and signing the Electronic Health Record license agreement requires utmost diligence

When drafting and signing the Electronic Health Record (EHR) license agreement; total diligence is of the essence, since the Electronic Health Record license agreement is a vital document, both for physician practices that have just entered the EHR arena, as well as for practices that transition to a new EHR software package.

Important factors to look for in an Electronic Health Record license agreement

An EHR license agreement, the pillar of the relationship between the vendor and the practice; is expensive to buy and maintain. This Electronic Health Record license agreement defines the relationship between the two parties, because of which a lot of careful consideration has to go before entering into and signing one.

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A practice that is in the process of entering into an Electronic Health Record license agreement needs to look for at least these three core points: 1. What is it that the practice is buying? 2. What is the nature and scope of the practice’s and the vendor’s duties and responsibilities? 3. The ways of getting out of the contract, i.e., how flexibly can the Electronic Health Record license agreement be terminated?

The Electronic Health Record license agreement has to be clear and should not be ambiguous, leaving scope for varied interpretation of many aspects of the agreement. The Electronic Health Record license agreement needs to have a completely clear definition of these core areas:

  1. Scope
  2. Support
  3. Disclaimers relating to liabilities and warranties
  4. Ending of the contract

 

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Components that need to go into an Electronic Health Record license agreement

The Electronic Health Record license agreement should ideally state and clear issues such as:

  • Whether and how often the vendor may make online portions of the software unavailable for maintenance or other issues
  • How many people may use the software and on how many machines the software may be installed, if it has an offline component
  • The kind of technical support the vendor will provide
  • Whether the vendor will use data entered by the practice for its own purposes, and if yes, under what conditions
  • Terms under which the agreement may be terminated, and
  • What happens to the practice’s data upon termination

These being the extremely important elements of the Electronic Health Record license agreement; the practice has to be clear about the terms of the agreement and should not be under any pressures that sales people from the vendor’s side may put on them to get the work done quickly. A hurriedly worked out Electronic Health Record license agreement that lacks proper scrutiny and vigilance is bound to land the practice in trouble at some later date.

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Other aspects to take into consideration

While signing the Electronic Health Record license agreement; there are other very important factors that the physician practice should take into consideration. These are some of them:

  • Does the license agreement require a specific person at the practice as the primary contact with the vendor?
  • If so, what happens if that person is out sick or on vacation, or quits or is fired?
  • What happens if the software operates as specified, but the physician practice wants to switch to a different vendor’s software?
  • Does the license let physician practice terminate at will, or only under certain circumstances?
  • What happens to its data after termination and when will it be got back, and in what form?

Sharpen the insightfulness needed for signing an Electronic Health Record license agreement

Given the highly delicate and crucial nature of an Electronic Health Record license agreement; it is extremely important for practices and physicians to be thoroughly acquainted with the workings of Electronic Health Record license agreements. It is to familiarize them with the dynamics of how to draft and sign an Electronic Health Record license agreement that MentorHealth, a highly reputable provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry, will be organizing a webinar.

Daniel F. Shay, an attorney with Alice G. Gosfield and Associates, P.C., who specializes in health law and health care regulation practice, will be the speaker at this session which will arm participants with the nous needed for getting the right Electronic Health Record license agreement signed and avoiding legal issues. To register for this session, please visit

http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800921LIVE/?wordpress-SEO

Look at the subtle and intricate aspects of the license agreement

At this session, Shay will proffer and explain the practical considerations that physician practices need to consider when reviewing EHR license agreements. Another of the important topics relating to this topic that will be covered at this session is compliance with Meaningful Use. Shay will offer his expertise on the types of documents that are often incorporated into the license agreement, as well as what physician practices can expect in the negotiation process after the license agreement has been reviewed.

Shay will cover the following areas at this session:

  • Common contractual terms in EHR software license agreements
  • Grounds for termination of a license
  • Common documents incorporated into the license
  • Meaningful Use considerations
  • Post-termination data control and conversion.

 

The costs of medical malpractice are exorbitant

The costs of medical malpractice are exorbitant, to put it mildly. First, what is a medical malpractice? A straightforward definition of medical malpractice is that it is an act of wrongdoing, a sort of negligence by a medical practitioner in diagnosing or administering treatment that leads to harm in a number of ways to the patient. This negligence is usually the result of choosing a substandard drug or mode of therapy that leads to this situation for the patient.

The physician works in close contact with the patient, which brings them into a kind of sacred and intimate relationship. This goes beyond just the administration of the drug or conducting tests. Patients, even when they are highly educated and knowledgeable about disease, come to physicians seeking some kind of solace and reassurance. Ordinarily, in this kind of scenario, there should be no place for a medical malpractice.

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Medical malpractice can still happen

Yet, although physicians and patients work on a kind of unwritten, implied trust; there are occasions when a medical malpractice can happen. A medical malpractice usually happens when this trust is broken. A medical malpractice can happen in a number of ways, misdiagnosing or administering the wrong drug being just some of these instances.

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A medical malpractice can be said to have taken place when any of these scenarios happen:

  • An untoward result of treatment or surgery
  • An outstanding invoice being mailed to a patient who is not satisfied with the treatment methods or outcomes
  • A physician’s wife or assistant working as the office manager filling up a medical leave authorization form and charging money for it
  • Just a perceived lack of concern on the part of the doctor or personnel.

Since any of these can count as medical negligence, it is all the easier for patients to seek legal remedy when they feel they have been wronged in one way or another. America being the highly litigious country that it is; it is always good to devise the means to avoid being taken to court for medical negligence.

Learn the in-depth aspects of medical negligence

In what ways can medical practitioners avoid showing medical negligence and being taken to court? The diligence and care that they should take to avoid being in such a situation will be the basis of the learning a webinar that is being organized by MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry, is organizing.

http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800934LIVE/?Wordpress-SEO

The critical need for learning about medical negligence

Why is this learning important? It is because it is essential for medical practitioners to understand the elements and nuances of medical negligence, given that the field of medical negligence being a colossal one that involves huge amounts of money in damages. A book by the late Steve Jacob says the following startling facts and disclosures about medical negligence:

  • Using a Congressional Budget Office (CBO) report as the basis, PwC estimated that malpractice insurance and defensive medicine accounted for a tenth of the total healthcare costs. This is corroborated by a 2010 Health Affairs article, which puts these costs at about one-fortieth of all of healthcare spending;
  • The depth and extent of fear of being taken to court for medical negligence is reflected in a 2010 survey, at which American orthopedic surgeons conceded that almost a third of the tests and referrals they order were medically unnecessary and was being done purely to reduce physician vulnerability to lawsuits;
  • An analysis made by the AMA in 2011 found that the increase in the average amount to defend a lawsuit went up by around 60 percent in less than decade from 2010 to $47,158, from $28,981 in 2001. This was accompanied by a steep rise in the average cost to pay a medical liability claim-whether it was a settlement, jury award or some other disposition. This cost went up to $331,947 from $297,682 in 2001;
  • A good portion of doctors’ professional careers are spent in fighting lawsuits, no matter what the final outcome is. The average span of a medical negligence litigation is over two years. If doctors spend around a year and eight months in defending cases that were eventually dismissed; medical negligence claims going to trial took three and a quarter years to settle. Another painful piece of statistics concerning medical negligence is that physicians who finally won the case spent as much as three years and eight months in litigation;
  • A New England Journal of Medicine report estimated that by age 65 around three fourths of all low-risk specialist physicians have been subjected to at least one lawsuit for medical negligence, while it is an unbelievable 99% for high-risk specialties practitioners.
  • Finally, Brian Atchinson, president of the Physician Insurers Association of America [PIAA], nearly three fourths of legal claims for medical negligence do not result in payments to patients, while physician defendants prevail four out of five times in claims resolved by verdict.

Being organized in the backdrop of these situations; this webinar on medical negligence by MentorHealth will cover the following areas:

  • Understanding What’s at Stake in Litigation
  • What every Doctor must Know
  • Steps to Take after Summon and Service Receipt
  • Trail Players Burden of Proof
  • Types of Trials Discovery Process
  • Depositions
  • Motions In-Li mine
  • Jury Selection
  • Opening Statements
  • Presentation of Evidence
  • Summation and Final Instructions
  • Jury Deliberations
  • The Verdict and Relief.

Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act

Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) is an important section of the Affordable Care Act passed by President Barack Obama in 2010. Sex, race, age, color, national origin or disability cannot be a reason for exclusion of individuals under some of the provisions of this Act. It is built on the foundation laid in the other landmark federal civil rights laws, such as:

  • Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
  • Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
  • Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
  • The Age Discrimination Act of 1975

A Final Rule implementing Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act was issued by the Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office for Civil Rights (OCR) on May 18, 2016, as a result of which, on July 18, 2016, the Final Rule became effective.

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Legal amendments to Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act

Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act underwent a small amendment when the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Texas issued an opinion in the case of “Franciscan Alliance, Inc. et al vs Burwell” on the last day of 2016. This opinion by the court, concerns Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act’s section relating to prohibition of discrimination in two areas: gender identity and termination of pregnancy on a national scale. As a result of this legal opinion, the OCR will not enforce these two provisions of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act for as long as this injunction is valid. It will enforce the remaining provisions relating to other areas of discrimination.

Entities and individuals that come under the purview of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act

Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act specifies the categories of individuals or entities that are protected from discrimination. Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act protects from discrimination any individual or entity that participates in any of these:

  1. A healthcare program or activity that is paid for in part or administered by the HHS, and
  2. Federally facilitated and state-based health insurance marketplaces, which are collectively called Covered Entities.

Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act empowers individuals to file a complaint with the OCR if the person feels that she has been subject to discrimination on the basis of any of the provisions provided for by the Act.

This said, the individual needs to know the complete nature of the law in order to assess if there is a strong case under Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act. This calls for a proper and thorough understanding of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act.

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Get to thoroughly understand the discrimination provisions of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act

A complete understanding of the discrimination provisions of this Act will be the subject of a webinar that is being organized by MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry.

William Mack Copeland, who practices health care law in Cincinnati at the firm of Copeland Law, LLC, and is president of Executive & Managerial Development Group; will be the speaker at this highly informative session. To derive the benefit of William’s long experience in healthcare law; enroll for this webinar by visiting http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800929LIVE?LinkedIn-SEO

How the provisions of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act work

At this webinar, William will explain the provisions of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act and equip the participants with an understanding of the discrimination provisions of the ACA. Management employees of a healthcare entity will gain a better understanding of how and why the process works and how it impacts healthcare entities. William will also offer an explanation of what can be and cannot be done.

Further, he will offer an explanation of the ways of protecting oneself and the organization from potentially devastating legal challenges. Knowledge of how to meet the requirements of the ACA to avoid sanction under Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act will be another learning to be gained at this webinar.

More importantly, this webinar will arm participants with an understanding of how to deal with the regulations and ensure that they do not end up violating the discrimination requirements of Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act. The speaker will also help participants put a viable ACA compliance program that complies with Section 1557 of the Affordable Care Act in place.

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This session will cover the following areas:

  • A description of Section 1557
  • The notable provisions of Section 1557
  • Who must comply with provisions of Section 1557
  • Requirements for individuals with limited English proficiency (LEP)
  • Examples of Race, Color , National Origin, Sex, Age or Disability Discrimination
  • Auxiliary Aids and Services
  • Health-related insurance or other health-related coverage
  • Exceptions
  • Enforcement

Stark Rules require Physician Leases to be properly structured and audited

Stark Rules require Physician Leases to be properly structured and audited. An important law about physician referrals in the US is the Stark Law. Short for The Physician Anti-Referral Law (known as Stark II), the Stark Law requires compliance with its provisions by healthcare providers that file claims, failing which the authorities can initiate enforcement actions.

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The Stark Laws, which have been implemented in stages such as Stark II and Stark III, have been enacted with the purpose of eliminating malpractices in the healthcare sector. These laws specify which actions from the physician are deemed unlawful.

Physician Leases are an integral part of the Stark Laws

Physician Leases are an integral part of the Stark Laws. Physician Leases are agreed upon between health systems, hospitals, medical groups and physician practices.  when healthcare providers lease physical spaces to physicians, the agreements should be in compliance with the rules set out by the Stark Laws.

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The Safe Harbor Exceptions clauses of the Stark Laws regulate the leasing arrangements between the healthcare provider and the physician. Fair market value is one of the primary considerations of Physician Leases under the Stark Laws. Stark Rules require Physician Leases to be properly structured and audited because among other things, the Stark Laws require the lease agreement to:

  • Be in writing
  • Be of at least a one-year term
  • Set the rental rate in advance, which should be at the existing market rate, and should be independent of the number of referrals the practice gets. The agreed rent and other payments have to be made even if there is no referral at all
  • Be comprehensive to cover and specify all the components of the leased premises
  • State the terms of periods of use, i.e., whether it is to be used for part-time or fulltime purposes
  • Prohibit subleasing to any other practice or business

Stark Rules require Physician Leases to be properly structured and audited in view of these important provisions of the Stark Laws. The points to keep in mind and the ways of formulating these Physician Leases will be taught at a webinar that is being organized by MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry.

Joseph Wolfe, an attorney with Hall, Render, Killian, Heath & Lyman, P.C., the largest health care focused law firm in the country; will be the speaker at this webinar. To gain a proper understanding of how and why Stark Rules require Physician Leases to be properly structured and audited; just visit http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800912LIVE?Wordpress-SEO   to enroll for this webinar.

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In addition to making participants understand why Stark Rules require Physician Leases to be properly structured and audited; Joseph will also explain the changes that have taken place into the Stark Law for 2016. The crux of this learning is that Joseph will impart understanding of the regulatory requirements, key provisions, valuation considerations and potential pitfalls that should be avoided. He will show how to draft Physician Leases that are legally defensible, so that expensive legal proceedings can be prevented.

In the course of this valuable discussion, Joseph will cover the following areas:

  • Provide a general Stark Law overview
  • Examine critical components of Stark compliant leases
  • Discuss best practices for drafting leases and the related financial terms
  • Describe best practices for auditing leases
  • Review processes for documenting fair market value and commercial reasonableness
  • Discuss best practices for auditing existing leases and potential pitfalls

Understanding HIPAA compliance is the basis to be legally tenable

Understanding HIPAA compliance requirements is the foundation to meeting the legal requirements required of a healthcare provider. Understanding HIPAA compliance involves being knowledgeable about the proper policies and procedures in place, because being in compliance with HIPAA is as important as providing the appropriate patient rights and controls on its uses and disclosures of Protected Health Information (PHI).

So, any organization that is being audited or is the subject of a compliance review has to show to the government that it not only has the wherewithal to demonstrate how it is addressing all of the required security safeguards; but also has the documentation necessary for safeguarding patient PHI.

A good grasp of the fundamentals is called for

Understanding HIPAA compliance requirements is needed to get a good grasp of the fundamentals of what is needed for protecting PHI is necessary for a healthcare practice, business or organization. A good grasp of the fundamentals of HIPAA compliance requirements is called for if an entity has to ensure that the safeguards it currently has are good enough to withstand government scrutiny. The palpable rise in the number of HIPAA data breaches is another solid reason for which a thorough understanding of HIPAA compliance is called for. Understanding HIPAA compliance requirements is necessary for knowing which requirements need to be met if the entity has to safeguard PHI.

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To facilitate a good understanding of HIPAA compliance requirements, MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry, will be organizing a webinar which will highlight these aspects. Jay Hodes, who is President and Founder, Colington Security Consulting, LLC, will be the speaker at this webinar. Please visit http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800898LIVE/~sel=LIVE/~Jay_Hodes/~HIPAA_Compliance_-_What_You_Need_to_Know to enroll for this session.

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At this webinar, which will give participants an understanding HIPAA compliance, Jay will break down the complexities of HIPAA compliance requirements in a simple and easy to understand method. The participants of this webinar will get clear knowledge of all the requirements for a comprehensive HIPAA compliance program and what steps they need to take in order to mitigate risk.

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Jay will cover the following areas at this discussion:

  • Why was HIPAA created?
  • Who Must Comply with HIPAA Requirements?
  • What are the HIPAA Security and Privacy Rules?
  • What is a HIPAA Risk Management Plan?
  • What is meant by “Required” and “Addressable” Implementation Specifications?
  • What are Administrative, Technical, and Physical Safeguards Requirements?
  • What is a HIPAA Risk Assessment?
  • What are HIPAA training requirements?
  • What is a HIPAA data breach and what happens if it occurs?
  • What are the penalties and fines for non-compliance and how to avoid them?
  • Creating a Culture of Compliance
  • Questions

 

HIPAA and suing need to be understood fully when contemplating action

HIPAA and suing are two important elements closely related to each other. When HIPAA and suing are discussed, what needs to be borne in mind is that an individual cannot sue HIPAA. Yes, you are reading it right. An individual cannot sue a Covered Entity or Business Associate for violation of privacy of medical records. So, does this mean that HIPAA is empowered with carte blanche powers to do what it likes with your medical records?

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No. What has just been stated is that an individual cannot sue HIPAA itself, but can seek legal remedy when she believes that there has been an unlawful violation of her someone else’s privacy rights relating to her health information, or a breach of Privacy, Security, or Breach Notification Rules, by filing a complaint with the Office of Civil Rights (OCR) under State law.

Who can be sued?

HIPAA is clear about who can be sued for healthcare information privacy violations. An individual can seek legal action against a Covered Entity –consisting of any of these – health plans themselves, healthcare clearinghouses, or healthcare providers that use the electronic medium to carry out many of their transactions –or any of their Business Associates.

Provisions related to suing under HIPAA need to be fully understood before proceeding legally. Since HIPAA and suing is a legal matter, it needs to be completely understood if an individual is contemplating suing under HIPAA.

A webinar from MentorHealth on HIPAA and suing

All the major aspects of HIPAA and suing will be the topic of a webinar that MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for all the areas of regulatory compliance, will be organizing. Brian Tuttle, a Certified Professional in Health IT (CPHIT), Certified HIPAA Professional (CHP), Certified Business Resilience Auditor (CBRA) with over 15 years’ experience in Health IT and Compliance Consulting, will be explaining all the important areas relating to HIPAA and suing.

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To understand the core elements of HIPAA and suing, enroll for this important webinar by visiting

http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800905LIVE/~sel=LIVE/~Brian_Tuttle/~HIPAA_and_Suing_-_Trial_Attorneys_Are_More_Dangerous_Than_The_Federal_Government.

At this session, Brian will attempt to clear the major issues relating to HIPAA and suing and will give participants an understanding of the factors that could invite a letter or a visit by the Office of Civil Rights and ways of dealing with it.

In the course of explaining the ingredients relating to HIPAA and suing; Brian will cover the following areas:

  • Updates for Omnibus
  • Patients suing – how does this work
  • Fines from HHS
  • Audit process
  • Real life audits and litigated cases
  • New patient legal remedies and how to lower risks
  • State laws and patient remedies
  • Portable devices
  • Emailing and texting
  • Business associates and the increased burden
  • Breach notification
  • Risk factors for being sued or audited

 

 

 

Key Compliance Considerations for Healthcare Providers in the OIG’s 2017 Work Plan

The Office of Inspector General (OIG) has oversight of protection of the integrity of Health and Human Services (HHS) programs and operations. The aim of this function is to ensure the wellbeing of American people who benefit from these programs. The OIG seeks to prevent fraud, abuse and waste, identify ways of improving the cost, efficiency and effectiveness of its programs, and to bring to book those who do not comply with its requirements.

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Towards ensuring these, the OIG issues its annual Work Plans. These set out the details of the projects that the Office of Audit Services, Office of Evaluation and Inspections, Office of Investigations, and Office of Counsel to the Inspector General address during a fiscal year. Each year’s Work Plan details the projects the OIG has planned in each of the above mentioned Offices’ entities. The Work Plans offer details of information relating to a host of issues about the departments with which the OIG works or coordinates.

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The OIG requires compliance and management of enterprise risk by health care organizations and providers that develop and plan their annual compliance audit priorities. They should make sure that their compliance program activities, audits and policies are consistent with the OIG’s annual Work Plan.

What is coming up for Fiscal Year 2017 HHS OIG Work Plan?

A detailed explanation of the OIG’s Fiscal Year 2017 Work Plan will be offered at a webinar that is being organized by MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry. Joseph Wolfe, who is an attorney with Hall, Render, Killian, Heath & Lyman, P.C., the largest health care focused law firm in the country, will be the speaker at this webinar.

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Want to know what needs to be understood by those who need to be compliant with the Fiscal Year 2017 HHS OIG Work Plan? Just enroll for this webinar by visiting http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800932LIVE/~sel=LIVE/~Joseph_Wolfe/~Untangling_the_OIG’s_2017_Work_Plan:_Key_Compliance_Considerations_for_Health_Care_Providers.

At this webinar, Joseph will focus on an overview of the Work Plan, including the new and ongoing audit areas that the OIG plans to focus on during 2017. This discussion will be of immense value to healthcare professionals such as in-house counsel, healthcare executives, health care Human Resources, and healthcare CFO’s.

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He will cover the following areas at this webinar:

  • Provide a general overview of the 2017 OIG Work Plan
  • Summarize ongoing reviews and activities the OIG plans to pursue
  • Discuss significant new risk areas that the OIG plans to focus on
  • Identify potential action steps that health care organizations and providers can take to manage compliance risk.

Understanding what is permissible and what is not under healthcare anti-fraud statutes

Federal laws such as the Federal False Claims Act, Federal Anti-Kickback and Stark laws are aimed specifically at preventing and curtailing malpractices by healthcare organizations and professionals. They work on this end by placing several prohibitions and restrictions on them. This makes it imperative for those impacted by these laws to be completely aware of what they are allowed to do and what they are not, under these laws.

The authorities come down severely on those who show the slightest noncompliance with the provisions of these statutes. A punitive action from the enforcement authorities of any nature or intensity can adversely impact the most important asset for a healthcare professional or healthcare organization –reputation. So, the task of understanding the intricacies and subtleties of these statutes is left to the healthcare organizations and medical professionals.

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It is to equip them with a proper and thorough understanding of the Federal False Claims Act, Federal Anti-Kickback and Stark laws that MentorHealth, a leading provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry, is organizing a webinar. At this webinar, the speaker, William Mack Copeland, who is a healthcare law practitioner at Copeland Law, LLC in Cincinnati, will give a complete understanding of how marketing activities can invite actions from either or all of these statutes.

Just visit http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800902LIVE/~sel=LIVE/~William%20Mack_Copeland/~Anti-Kickback,_Fraud,_Stark_and_Marketing:_What_You_Can_and_Cannot_Do to enroll for this webinar, at which William, a healthcare law expert, will give an understanding of the building blocks needed to develop and maintain the healthcare organization’s or practitioner’s reputation.

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The speaker will help participants to understand and eliminate exposure to fraud charges based on marketing practices. The practical requirements and operations, principles of compliance, and the basic elements needed for reducing civil and criminal liabilities and economic sanctions will be described.

Taking up this webinar will help participants get an understanding of anti-kickback regulations, Stark laws, and compliance issues that expose a healthcare provider or practitioner’s vulnerabilities in marketing. William will show the ways of implementing mandatory internal controls, which go a long way in helping to reduce exposure to risks. The many marketing efforts that expose an organization to various susceptibilities will be taken up as part of a case study discussion.

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This session, which will benefit all functional groups that have responsibilities relating to data protection, or marketing, or need to understand the basics of compliance, will cover the following areas:

  • The Federal False Claims Act
  • Federal Civil Anti-Kickback Statute
  • The Federal Anti-Referral Law (Stark 1 & 2)
  • Introduction to basic compliance as an effective tool
  • Case study about an organization and how their marketing efforts exposed the organization to vulnerabilities

Care should be taken while signing the Electronic Health Record license agreement

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The Electronic Health Record (EHR) license agreement is the core document for physician practices that have just entered the EHR arena, as well as for practices that transition to a new EHR software package.

The license agreement should ideally state and clear issues such as:

  • Whether and how often the vendor may make online portions of the software unavailable for maintenance or other issues
  • How many people may use the software and on how many machines the software may be installed, if it has an offline component
  • The kind of technical support the vendor will provide
  • Whether the vendor will use data entered by the practice for its own purposes, and if yes, under what conditions
  • Terms under which the agreement may be terminated, and
  • What happens to the practice’s data upon termination

Since these are extremely important elements of the physician practice’s relationship with the EHR; the practice has to take total care to understand exactly what it is signing. The physician practice has to steer clear of the pressures that vendor sales personnel may put on them to get the EHR implemented quickly.

Take all aspects into consideration

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The physician practice should consider crucial aspects before inking the agreement. Some of these include: Does the license agreement require a specific person at the practice as the primary contact with the vendor? If so, what happens if that person is out sick or on vacation, or quits or is fired? What happens if the software operates as specified, but the physician practice wants to switch to a different vendor’s software? Does the license let physician practice terminate at will, or only under certain circumstances? What happens to its data after termination and when will it be got back, and in what form?

A highly pertinent learning session that gives thorough understanding of these aspects of the EHR license agreement and illustrates and highlights common terms and concerns is being organized by MentorHealth, a well-known provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry.

Daniel F. Shay, an attorney with Alice G. Gosfield and Associates, P.C., who specializes in health law and health care regulation practice, will be the speaker at this highly valuable webinar. In order to enroll for this webinar, just log on to http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800844LIVE/.

Look at the subtle and intricate aspects of the license agreement

electronic-health-records

Shay will offer practical considerations for physician practices in reviewing EHR license agreements. He will also touch upon topics such as compliance with Meaningful Use. Apart from the types of documents that are often incorporated into the license agreement; the speaker will also address what physician practices can expect in the negotiation process after the license agreement has been reviewed.

Shay will cover the following areas at this session:

  • Common contractual terms in EHR software license agreements
  • Grounds for termination of a license
  • Common documents incorporated into the license
  • Meaningful Use considerations
  • Post-termination data control and conversion.

 

Conducting clinical trials effectively requires project management skills

Medicine doctor working with modern computer interface

Medicine doctor working with modern computer interface as concept

By their nature, clinical trials are at times large complex projects that take years to complete. They involve many different resources, and are covered by extensive federal regulations. Regulations have been enacted with the purpose of documenting the efficacy of the treatment, as well as to ensure the wellbeing and safety of the patient.

Given the complexity and length of a clinical study, as well as its importance; it is necessary for clinicians to properly plan the whole exercise. This plan should ensure that the clinical study judiciously utilizes all of the resources allocated for it, that the trial sticks to schedule at every stage, and that it does not overshoot the budget, while making sure that the safety and efficacy of the patient is not compromised upon.

Has elements in common with project management

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In other words, planning for a clinical trial is akin to managing a project. A clinical trial has to be planned like any other project, taking into account all the variables and other inputs, as well as the desired result in mind. Utmost care has to be taken to make sure that regulatory requirements are complied with, and the quality and integrity of the information arising from the trial are trustworthy.

The way of planning project management in clinical trial will be the topic of a webinar that the well-known provider of professional trainings for all the areas of healthcare, MentorHealth, will be organizing. This webinar will be highly useful for professionals in the clinical trial arena, such as clinical staff, monitors, QA, laboratory staffs, CRO staffs, and some patients.

To participate in this webinar and derive the full benefits of project management in clinical trials, just log on to http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800863LIVE/.

Linking project management with clinical trials

clinical-research

The speaker at this webinar is Richard Chamberlain, who provides executive consulting services to numerous pharmaceutical, biotechnical, medical device companies, and international Contract Research Organizations in the areas of strategic planning project management for the development of computerized project management tools and Computer Systems Validation.

The core learning at this webinar will be focused on:

  • What is Project Management?
  • What are Clinical Trials?
  • How do I apply the Project Management tools to Manage Clinical Trials?

Richard will cover the following areas during this session:

  • Planning for a Project (Study)
  • Estimating time and resources
  • Lists of Deliverables
  • Documenting Dependencies
  • Budget Preparation
  • Steps in a Clinical Trial
  • Phase I to Phase IV, Phase 0 and 5 Clinical Trials
  • Managing the Trials

 

Transitioning to a career in biopharmaceuticals requires skillset upgradation

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Of late, there has been an explosion in the field of biopharmaceuticals in activities ranging from development to manufacture. Although this augurs well for the industry; there are concerns, nevertheless.

These concerns relate mainly to the inadequacy of the skillsets needed for this industry. There is a widespread feeling in the industry circles that the existing or potential skillsets may not be sufficient for coping with the huge demand the industry is creating.

Need to understand the technologies

If professionals who are rooted in relatively more traditional areas seek to explore the opportunities that exist in biopharmaceuticals; they need to develop awareness of this field and become more familiar with the elements of this profession. This is the basis to making the transition to the new career in biopharmaceuticals smooth and painless.

Want to see how this can be done? Are you interested in phasing out to a career in biopharmaceuticals and assess what it takes to make a mark here? Then, a webinar being organized by MentorHealth, a popular provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry, has the answers you are looking for. To enroll for this important learning, just log on to http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800842LIVE/.

The speaker at this session is Prof. Patrick Crowley, who has played significant technical and management roles in the development to commercialization of over 20 novel medicinal products and Product Line Extensions during a 38-year career in the pharmaceutical industry. He holds many patents for a number of dosage form design and drug delivery inventions.

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Like and unlike

At this webinar, Prof. Crowley will elucidate the areas in which there are similarities and dissimilarities between the traditional areas and biopharmaceuticals. While the basic principles of dosage form design, manufacture and material and product control and analysis are fundamentally the same as for conventional small molecules; there are differences between the techniques, processes and associated technologies.

These and other areas of significance will be highlighted at this webinar. Prof. Crowley will cover the following areas at this session:

  • Historical Background to Medicinal Agents
  • Properties of Biopharm Drugs
  • Formulation of Biopharmaceutical Products
  • Analytical Methods
  • Stability and Quality Assurance/Retention
  • Manufacture (material and Dosage Form)
  • Control/Assurance of Quality
  • Administration (Delivery)

Understand the False Claims Act to be a better whistleblower

 

Whistleblowing is a very important area of the healthcare industry. When exercised properly and with integrity, it helps expose major frauds and saves the industry from many malpractices. There have been instances of whistleblowers bringing many companies into the legal net and helping save frauds.

A whistleblower act, or what is called or qui tam action, can offer huge financial rewards to those who are retaliated against for exposing financial fraud that their company was engaged in, resulting in losses to the government. They are protected under what are called the federal and state False Claims Acts, or FCA’s. These are the primary statutes under which this relief may be sought. The False Claims Act is the law used in the health care industry to fight frauds, specifically those committed by hospitals.

Getting it right is crucial

Under the terms of the FCA’s, whistleblowers are entitled to anywhere between 15 and 25 percent of the amount recovered by the state and federal governments. The total amount these governments pay out to pharmaceutical drugs, medical devices, hospital care, and nursing home care through Medicare, Medicaid, and other programs runs into hundreds of billions of dollars each year.

Although these terms are clear, there is considerable confusion regarding various aspects of the whistleblower laws and the claims brought under the False Claims Act. On the one hand, a whistleblower action can provide financial rewards to individuals who are retaliated against for providing information that a company or individual has defrauded the government. On the other, if the government finds that the whistleblower is also part of the fraud for which the whistleblowing act took place; such a person could be named in a whistleblower civil or criminal suit.

Considering the enormity of the sums involved and the gravity of action that could follow from a false reporting, it is extremely important for professionals in the healthcare industry to be aware of the complete and proper ways in which the FCA’s work.

Understand how to get the FCA’s right

This is what a webinar being organized by MentorHealth, a highly regarded provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry, will teach to attendees. Shauna B. Itri, who has worked on a series of False Claims Act cases against large drug companies for fraudulent Medicare and Medicaid drug pricing, will help participants understand all the important elements of the False Claims Act.

Participants will be given a clear understanding of the procedures for filing a False Claims Act case, the importance in protecting the court’s seal, and the pros and cons of bringing a case and important information that employees who want to know about the FCA’s should bring to the attention of the government and the attorney representing them.

Shauna will cover the following important areas of the FCA’s during this webinar:

  • The elements of a False Claims Act case
  • Types of False Claims Act cases brought in hospital and healthcare settings
  • Examples of False Claims Act cases that have been successful and have recovered money for the government and rewarded whistleblowers for reporting fraud
  • Tools to be used to spot a potential whistleblower case and documentation needed to report the case.

 

http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800856LIVE/

Risk analysis is the soul of HIPAA implementation

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The criticality of risk analysis to HIPAA implementation can be understood from the fact that inability to carry out this activity is the principal reason for which The United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS or just HHS) levies civil money penalties on Business Associates and Covered Entities.

This means that Covered Entities and Business Associates need to understand ways of drafting, adopting and implementing HIPAA compliance policies, of which risk analysis is at the core. Many entities get this wrong, because of which they end up having hefty penalties slapped. A recent example that comes to mind is the Massachusetts General Hospital was levied a hefty $1 million for causing a Protected Health Information (PHI) breach that involved having allowed medical information to be left on a subway.

The main reason for this kind of breach is that the healthcare organization’s inability to foresee the ways by which PHI could be leaked. This can be prevented by carrying out a proper risk analysis. This being the nature of the importance of risk analysis to HIPAA; it is absolutely necessary for organizations that are mandated by HIPAA to carry out risk analysis, to get this right.

The intricacies of drafting a risk analysis need to be learnt

This will be the topic of a webinar being organized by MentorHealth, a renowned provider of professional trainings for the healthcare industry. At this webinar, for which healthcare professionals can enroll by visiting http://www.mentorhealth.com/control/w_product/~product_id=800835LIVE/, the speaker, Alice McCart will explain what it takes to carry out a thorough risk analysis by deciding on how to do one, how to use gap analysis, and what policies the organization needs, including required, addressable, and other policies. She will then teach participants the ways of writing a policy, which involves three steps, namely researching, drafting, and revising.

Participants who attend this webinar will be able to learn:

  • Ways of asking the right questions regarding risk analysis
  • Taking help from the right sources
  • Collecting samples
  • Retaining the principles of substance, organization, coherence, style, and correctness when drafting
  • Sending out the draft for review to the right people
  • Incorporating comments
  • Implementing the policy

The speaker will offer an easy way of making a checklist and take the risk analysis process step by step, which will ease the burden of having to develop and write something like 70 policies to attain HIPAA compliance.

Contact Information:

http://www.mentorhealth.com/

+1-800-385-1607

 

Ways of putting a HIPAA organizational Compliance Program in place

For an organization to be compliant with HIPAA; it has to not only ensure that it provides the appropriate patient rights and controls on its uses and disclosures of Protected Health Information; it has to also have the proper policies and procedures in place. Any organization that is the subject of a compliance review or is being audited has to demonstrate to the government that it has all the documentation necessary for safeguarding patient Protected Health Information, apart from also having the ability to show how it is addressing all of the required security safeguards.

 

Increase in HIPAA enforcement activities

 

A full understanding of the requirements of a compliance program has become all the more important in the background of an increase in HIPAA enforcement and with Phase 2 audits getting underway.

 

If an organization has to put all the required documentation aspects together in place; it needs to have a very good understanding of the ways of putting in place a HIPAA compliance program with which to ensure that the current program is adequate and can withstand government scrutiny. How does an organization do all these?

 

Jay will equip the participants with a thorough understanding of all the requirements needed for a comprehensive HIPAA compliance program and explain what steps need to be taken to mitigate risk. At this learning session, he will include practical exercises to assist know how to develop, review, and amend HIPAA policy and procedure. He will provide a Covered Entity or Business Associate a clear roadmap for what needs to be in place when it comes to all of the HIPAA regulations.

 

More information go through this link   :  http://bit.ly/25xX4ip

Affordable Care Act and health insurers

online healthcare compliance training
MentorHealth

Till the passage of the Affordable Care Act, many policy holders were confused about the terms of their plan. Many of these used to be in obtuse language, with the result that many policyholders did not take the trouble of reading through the minute details of the plan. Many a time, they ended up getting an idea of the benefits of a plan only when they got admitted to hospital, at which point they realized that what they thought the plan offered was not what was there.

To get rid of this problem, the Affordable Care Act came up with some simple, yet profound changes that insurers had to implement at their end. This set of rules is aimed at making it easier for policyholders to get a clearer idea of what to expect from their health plan. These are some of the changes suggested in Affordable Care Act:

  1. In future, insurers have to write the summary of the entire plan and its vital points on the policy document. This summary of benefits and coverage (SBC) will have consistent details of what that plan is, and what limits, exclusions and cost-sharing will apply. Insurers are prohibited from writing anything in fine print.
  2. This requirement extends to non-grandfathered plans, as well. No matter whether they are offered through exchanges or outside, these plans must have information such as:

o   Claims payment policies and practices

o   Data on disenrollment

o   Data on enrollment

o   Data on rating practices

o   Data on the number of claims that are denied

o   Information on cost-sharing and payments with respect to out-of-network coverage

o   Information on enrollee and participant rights under this title

o   Other information as determined appropriate by the Secretary

o   Periodic financial disclosures

  1. The Act also makes it mandatory for the Secretary of HHS to develop reporting requirements for group and individual health plans with respect to covered benefits and provider reimbursement structures. This is done with the intention of improving health outcomes, preventing hospital readmissions, improving patient safety and reducing medical errors. It is also aimed at implementing wellness and health promotion activities, and is to be done two years after the date of enactment.

Reference: http://policyinsights.kff.org/en/2012/march/health-insurance-transparency-under-the-affordable-care-act.aspx

 

Quality and Safety Education for Nurses

online healthcare compliance training
MentorHealth

Safety nursing

Safety is a prime attribute of nursing. Safety nursing simply means ensuring safety of the patients from the nurse who attends on them. Safety can be ensured in a number of ways. The hospital management is eventually responsible for ensuring safety nursing.

Ensuring safety in healthcare units

If safety nursing is to be accomplished; quality has to be maintained by nurses at the workplace, which is invariably the healthcare setting.  So, when quality that meets defined standards is ensured at the healthcare setting, the patient benefits from it. This is the aim of safety nursing. A few best practices have been recommended to bring about safety nursing. This is a long list of do’s and don’ts.

Core areas of safety nursing

Safety nursing is a vast area. Almost all areas of nursing are covered under safety nursing, because safety is at the core of this practice. Safety nursing is a set of best practices, some of which include:

o   Demonstrating knowledge base on the overall health condition of the individual or group that is in the healthcare unit

o   Taking judicious decisions about the people the nurse is attending, in line with their values and beliefs and respecting these

o   Ensuring and promoting the safety, comfort and privacy of patients

o   Meeting nursing accountability requirements, being accountable for their actions and decisions and taking up ownership of their tasks and duties

Safety of nurses

On a parallel plane, safety nursing could also include the physical safety of the nurses themselves. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has guidelines on safety for nurses. During the course of their work, nurses are prone to exposure to hazardous and infectious materials, as well as to accidents and injuries. It is to avoid these that this body has set out guidelines.

References:

http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/nursinghome/

http://carleirish.blogspot.com/2012/05/11-key-areas-of-responsibility-core.html

 

 

Risk evaluation in healthcare industry

If risk evaluation is important in any business; it is an integral part of a healthcare setting. Not making the right risk evaluation could mean the difference between life and death for the patient, not to speak of the costs associated with the resultant loss of reputation or the prospect of facing lawsuits. Proper risk evaluation is the first step to ensuring proper, accountable healthcare.

What is risk evaluation?

Risk evaluation is concerned with the identification and assessment of risks associated with administering healthcare. It thus directly links hazards with the outcomes related to health. The World Health Organization (WHO) describes human health risk assessment as “the process that evaluates the nature and likelihood of adverse human health effects from exposure to one or more stressors”. The aim of risk evaluation is to identify factors that bring about risk in the healthcare setting.

Risk evaluation precedes risk mitigation

Risk evaluation is the first step to ensuring proper healthcare, because once the risk is evaluated; remedies such as risk mitigation or elimination follow. It is comparable to the diagnosis of the ailment. Just as how treatment works only when the diagnosis is spot on; risk evaluation is at the foundation of a risk mitigation program and guides it.

How is risk evaluated?

Risk evaluation in the healthcare setting is a holistic and comprehensive process. It has to take into account each and every present or potential hazard in the healthcare setting. It has to ensure that the hazards –which are probably innumerable and are present at all levels and angles –to which ordinary healthcare workers are exposed to on a day-to-day basis, are assessed and neutralized.

Hazards could arise from just any source

This is quite a gigantic task, because the hazards, as we just saw, can be from absolutely any source. These could range from biological to chemical to ergonomic to psychological to organizational. Thus, risk evaluation is a complex and comprehensive phenomenon that needs to be integrated into the healthcare system. It requires deployment of trained and skilled professionals to be carried out, since any lapse at any point of time could result in disastrous consequences.

Reference:

https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/e-facts/efact18

Human research protocol

Human research protocol

Clinical trials that involve human subjects have to go through some procedures and protocols. These are necessary because of the risk involved in subjecting oneself to a clinical study. Also, a clinical trial is also highly scientific in nature, which means that its findings have to be based on very sound evidence. So, it helps to document all that goes into the research. This process-oriented approach to clinical trials involving humans is what human research protocol is essentially about.

Consent is at the core

A human research protocol is different from a research protocol involving animals in one crucial area –consent. This marks the entire difference between animal and human research. Other factors like effectiveness also come into play. Since human research protocol is a systematic process, it calls for documentation that has to be of the highest order. Not only should the research itself be ethical; its documentation should be so, too. In essence, a human research protocol is something that has to follow logically set processes and principles.

List of descriptions

The protocol should provide a clear description of all that went into the research. The intended purpose and benefits of the research, the methodologies of the research, informed consent that goes into the research, details of the questions and answers that are put to the subjects and ways of interviewing them and the schedules are some of the items that go into a human research protocol.

Ingredients of a human research protocol

Generally, a human research protocol should consist of the following:

o   Title of the research

o   Name and department/affiliation of the primary investigator(s) and faculty advisor, if applicable

o   Statement of purpose, benefits, and hypotheses

o   Methods

o   Data and specimen management

o   Informed Consent Form

o   List of benefits to participants

o   Risks to participants

o   Withdrawal of participants

o   Ways by which confidentiality of data will be maintained

o   Reporting adverse effects of research on human subjects

o   Duration of human subjects approval and application for renewal

References:

http://med.ucf.edu/media/2012/02/HRP-303-How_To_Write_A_Protocol.pdf

http://www.calpoly.edu/~rgp/guidelinesHS.html

 

 

 

Labor is all-important in hospital management

Labor is all-important in hospital management

When it comes to hospital management, labor is one of the often overlooked factors. This is perhaps because labor, like in hotel management, is obvious in that it is taken for granted in hospital management. Yet; in hospital management, where much attention is usually given to care and management, operations; labor can escape attention.

Why is labor important in hospital management?

Labor is one of the most important factors in hospital management because a hospital may have the great doctors and may have a standards-compliant protocol, but making all these actually happen is labor. Those in charge of hospital management may make rules, but enforcing them is what labor does. Since there is no usefulness in only making laws; labor takes the center stage of hospital management.

How does labor ensure productivity?

If labor has to become that crucial element of hospital management there has to be proper allocation of resources. Work distribution is thus very important in ensuring that everyone involved in hospital management gets to do what they are expected to, and excel at it.

In a labor-intensive industry like hospital management; the most important aspect is to see to it that labor management is optimized. This can happen when there is what may be called a Labor Officer or equivalent to oversee the allocation and productivity of work. Everyone, right from the administrative head to the one who cleans the swabs, is part of hospital management. So, when their work is distributed and organized perfectly, then hospital management would have served its purpose of being a care provider.

Accountable work

Since hospital management is labor-intensive; it needs to put accountability at the core of things. When every member of the staff is part of the chain; a sure method of making hospital management productive and efficient is to allocate goal-based, accountable work to the staff. This ensures maximum productivity and patient wellbeing, achieving which healthcare is eventually all about.